{"id":346,"date":"2021-08-09T09:24:33","date_gmt":"2021-08-09T12:24:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/?p=346"},"modified":"2022-08-13T00:26:44","modified_gmt":"2022-08-13T03:26:44","slug":"dicas-de-comando-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/dicas-de-comando-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"Dicas de comando Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
File Commands<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ls<\/strong> – directory listing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ls -al<\/strong> – formatted listing with hidden files<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cd dir<\/strong> – change directory to dir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cd<\/strong> – change to home<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pwd<\/strong> – show current directory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mkdir dir<\/strong> – create a diretory dir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rm file<\/strong> – delete file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rm -r dir<\/strong> – delete diretory dir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rm -f file<\/strong> – force remove file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rm -rf dir<\/strong> – force remove directory dir *<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cp file1 file2<\/strong> – copy file 1 to file 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cp -r dir1 dir2<\/strong> – copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn’t exists.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nv file1 file2<\/strong> – rename or move file1 to file2 if file2 is an existing directory, moves file1 into directory file2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ln -s file link<\/strong> – create symbolic link to file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
touch file<\/strong> – create or update file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cat > file<\/strong> – places standard input into file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
more file<\/strong> – output the contents of file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
head file<\/strong> – output the first 10 lines of file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tail file<\/strong> – output the last 10 lines of file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tail -f file<\/strong> – output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Process Management<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ps<\/strong> – display your currently active processes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
top<\/strong> – display all running processes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kill pid<\/strong> – kill process id pid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
killall proc<\/strong> – kill all processes named proc*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bg<\/strong> – lists stopped or background jobs; resume a stopped job in the background<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fg<\/strong> – brings the most recent job to foreground<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fg n<\/strong> – brings job n to the foreground<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
File Permissions<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
chmod octal file<\/strong> – change the permissions of file to octal, which can be found separately for user, group, and world by adding <\/p>\n
    \n
  • 4 – read(r)<\/li>\n
  • 2 – write (w)<\/li>\n
  • 1 – execute(x)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Examples<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chmod 777<\/strong> – read, write, execute for all<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chmod 755<\/strong> – rwx for owner, rx for group and world for more options, see man chmod<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
SSH<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ssh user@host<\/strong> – connect to host as user<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ssh -p port user@host<\/strong> – connect to host on port port as user<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ssh-copy-id user@host<\/strong> – add your key to host for user to enable a keyed or passwordless login<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Searching<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
grep pattern files<\/strong> – search for pattern in files<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
grep -r pattern dir<\/strong> – search recursively for pattern in dir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
command | grep pattern<\/strong> – search for pattern in the output of command<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
locate file<\/strong> – find all instances of file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
System Info<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
date<\/strong> – show the current date and time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cal<\/strong> – show this month’s calendar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
uptime<\/strong> – show current uptime<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
w<\/strong> – display who is online<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
whoami<\/strong> – who you are logged in as<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
finger user<\/strong> – display information about user<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
uname -a<\/strong> – show kernel information<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cat \/proc\/cpuinfo<\/strong> – cpu information<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cat \/proc\/meminfo<\/strong> – memory information<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
man command<\/strong> – show the manual for command<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
df<\/strong> – show disk usage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
du<\/strong> – show directory space usage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
free<\/strong> – show memory and swap usage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
whereis app<\/strong> – show possible locations of app<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
which app<\/strong> – show which app will be run by default<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Compression<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
tar cf file.tar files<\/strong> – create a tar named file.tar containing files<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tar xf file.tar<\/strong> – extract the files from file.tar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tar czf file.tar.gz files<\/strong> – create a tar with Gzip compression<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tar xzf file.tar.gz<\/strong> – extract a tar using Gzip<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tar cjf file.tar.bz2<\/strong> – create a tar with Bzip2 compression<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tar xjf file.tar.bz2<\/strong> – extract a tar using Bzip2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gzip file<\/strong> – compresses file and renames it to file.gz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gzip -d file.gz<\/strong> – decompresses file.gz back to file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Network<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ping host<\/strong> – ping host and output results<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
whois domain<\/strong> – get whois information for domain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dig domain<\/strong> – get DNS information for domain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dig -x host<\/strong> – reverse lookup host<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
wget file<\/strong> – download file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
wget -c file<\/strong> – continue a stopped download<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Installation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Install from source:<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
.\/configure<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
make<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
make install<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dpkg -i pkg.deb<\/strong> – install a package (Debian)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rpm – Uvh pkg.rpm<\/strong> – install a package (RPM)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Shortcuts<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ctrl+C<\/strong> – halts the current command<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ctrl+Z<\/strong> – stops the current command, resume with fg<\/strong> in the foreground or bg<\/strong> in the background<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ctrl+D<\/strong> – log out of current session, similar to exit<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ctrl+W<\/strong> – erases one word int the current line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ctrl+U<\/strong> – erases the whole line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ctrl+R<\/strong> – type to bring up a recent command<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
!!<\/strong> – repeats the last command.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
exit<\/strong> – log out of current session<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

File Commands ls – directory listing ls -al – formatted listing with hidden files cd dir – change directory to dir cd – change to home pwd – show current directory mkdir dir – create a diretory dir rm file – delete file rm -r dir – delete diretory dir rm -f file – force […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":460,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,3,2],"tags":[158,7,159],"class_list":["post-346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-centos","category-fedora","category-linux","tag-comandos","tag-linux","tag-principais-comandos","cat-41-id","cat-3-id","cat-2-id","has_thumb"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=346"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":348,"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346\/revisions\/348"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hackerzone.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}